Telephone repeater or relay.



A1 H. JHNSON.

TELEPHONE REPEATERWOR RELAY.

v APPLICATION mw ma. 12; 191.5, 1,207,051.

Patemed Dec. 5, 19M.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 UNiTED srarns BATENT OFFICE.

ARCY H. JOHNSON, 0F IEULASKLl TENNESSEE, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TG CYRUS'C. HOUSTUN, OF\LEWISBURG, TENNESSEE.

TELEPHONE REPEATER 0R RELAY.

Specication of Letters Patent.

.patented nee. 5, i916.

vApplication led February 12, 1916. Serial No. 77,959.

To all whom, it may concern l Be it knownpthat I, Ancir H. JOHNSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Pulaski, in the county of Giles and State of Tennessee, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Telephone Repeat ers or Relays, of which the following is a specification, reference being had. to thev accompanying.,drawings.

This invention relates to certain improvements in telephone repeaters or relays and it is primarily an object of the invention` to provide novel and improved means .whereby it is possible and practical to employ, in connection with long distance telephone systems, conductorsfoi' ordinary galvanized iron wire in lieu of the copper lines now employed, whereby the cost of installing a long distance telephone system is materially reduced.

It is also -an object of my invention to provide novel. and .improved means wherein the line is divided-into a plurality of talking sections, each constituting a local circuit and wherein each of said secti ns is operatively connected by my improved relay or repeater, said relay orrepeater substantially constituting acombined receiver and transmitter, whereby the sound undulation conveyed by one line section may be transmitted to a second line section.

Furthermorev it is an object of my invention to provide-a novel and improved repeater or relay wherein the talklng circuit is normally closed and whereby saidF circuit is automatically opened during. signaling operation, it being ,understood'that' the signaling current is of greater voltage than that of the talking current.

nother object of the 'invention is toq employ galvanized iron wire asthe line conductor which is extended such a distance that when the resistance of the conductor causes the current to drop perceptibly or F. the attenuation too great-for good telephonie transmission to place or insert a relay or repeater at that point. A second line of wires isthcn strung another equal distance and so on over the ent-ire line, bridging in as many phones as desired along the line and making allowance for the resistance of each phone. 1

The invention consists in the details of constructionand in the combination and arrangement oi the several parts of my im proved repeater or relay whereby certain important advantages are attained and the device is rendered simpler, less expensive and otherwise more convenient and advan` 4tageous for use, all as will be hereinafter more Afully set forth.

The novel features of the invention will hereinafter be definitely claimed.

In order that my invention may be the better understood, I will now proceed to de` scribe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings, Wherein-` Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view illustratingan embodiment of my invention; Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken through my improved relay or `repeater as herein embodied; Fig'. 3 is an elevational view, detached, of the bridgepieceand carbon chamber with their concomitant parts, as included in my improved relay or repeater as herein disclosed; and Fig. 4r is A a view in topplan of my improved relay or repeater as disclosed in Fig. 2. l

As'disclosed in Fig. 1, 5, 6, 7 and 8 de note the main lines of adjacent line sections, said lines beingformed preferably of alvanized iron'an' R and R denote re ays interposed ina conductor of each line section and adapted to be operated by av signaling de vjice of any conventional type such as a regular hand generator or telephone mavneto.

he relay R shown at the right hand of Fig. 1 is provided With a winding 9 which' ma be of anyusual or customary type. This winding 1s positioned upon a core 10 which is' preferalbljy provided so that it has one-polar projection at least. This wind v ing,l as shown, is connected in series with the line Wire 6. Adjacent one of thepolar extremities of this relay there is positioned an armature 11 which may be secured to the lever 12 in any suitable manner. This lever which also includes a lever 13, preferably disposed at substantial right angles, is prrr vided with contacts adjacent its freeend. At the juncture of the two levers, they are preferably pivoted as shown'by the pivoted connection 14. The contacts Ymounted uponL the lever 13 are adapted to engage and contact with the stationary contacts l5, 15a and 16. The line Wire or-conductor 6 continues to the left and is connected to pr with the pivot 17 at the leltf l A The relay R is preferably constructed in loc the same manner as the relay R. It has a winding 18 and a core 1.9'. Positioned adjacentone ol the core extremities is an armature 20 which is mounted on or carried by the lever 21. This lever is provided with a lever 22 which it suitable contacts. lVhere the two levers join, they are pivotally mounted as indicated at 17. As the lever 12 is to be posi-` tioned away from contact with the pole eX- tremity of the core 10 a suitable spring or other resilient member is provided and for the lever 2l, the spring or resilient member 24C is also provided. Thus the armatures 11 and 2O are maintained away from the poles of the relays. The lever 22 and its contacts are adapted to enffage with and contact with the stationary dontacts 25 and 26 and 26.

At some point on the conductor (i, between the relay R and the pivot 17, there is tapped a conductor 27 which is connected to one pole of a battery B. The other side of this battery is connected to the transmitter by means of the conductor .28 which leadsto the terminal 29. The other terminal 30 of the transmitter is connected to the transformer T by means of the conductor 31. As shown, this conductor 31 connects with the primary winding TD of this transformer and the other end of the primary winding is connected to the conductor 6, as indicated at32. From this point or tap 32 the conductor 6 continues on to the pivot 17 The line conductor 5 is connected directlyr with the windings of the receiver of the re- -lay A. Leading from the other terminal of the relay is the conductor 33 which connects with the secondary winding Tl of the transformer T. The other terminal of this transformer winding Ts is connected to the contact 25 by meansof the conductor 3i. As shown at the left, the lever 21 is pulled away from the core 19 of the relay R so that the lever 22 is making contact with the stationary contact 25. This is-its normal position. As shown at the right, the relay R has just attracted its armature 11 and thereby the lever 13 has moved away from the contact 1G and has made contact with the contacts l5 and 15, The talking circuit is thus open.

At a point between the battery B and the terminal 29 the conductor 35 is tapped on to the conductor 28 at the point indi cated at 28a. This conductor 35 leads to a stationary contact 3G which is adapted to engage or contact'with a suitable contactformed on the vibrator fn. This vibrator may be of any usual type or construction and is preferably of a low frequency or its frequency is substantially equal to that of the frequency of the ord1`- nary type of polarized telephone bell.

has mounted upon 4 ing Hs The induction coil H may be formed with the usual primar winding HP and esecondary winding s. One end of the pri-4 mary winding HP is connected to the vibrator c. The other terminal of the windv ing is connected to the contact 15 by means of the conductor 37. The secondary win'clhas one of its terminals 'connected to the conductor 37 or to one terminal of the primary winding H". This secondary winding HS is connected to the line wire 7 by meansof the conductor 38 atmu point indicated at 39. The induction coil H is providedV with the usual laminated iron core 10. v

The contact 16y is connected to the secondary winding Ts. of the: transformer T by means of the conductor 41. 'The other terminal of this secondary winding is connected to one terminal of the relay A by means of the conductor 42. The other terminal from the relay A is connected to the line conductor 7. The conductor 421 is connected to the winding 18 on the core 19 ot' the relay R. To the other terminal of this winding the line conductor 8 is connected. e

At some point on the conductor 43, the secondary winding TP of the ltrnsr'ormer T is connected as indicatedat 4i. The other terminal of this rimaryjwinding is connected by means o the conductor 45 to one terminal .46 of the transmitter portion of the relayl A. The otherl terminal 47 isconnected to the battery B by means of the conductor 48. Leading from the other terminalA of the battery is the conductor 49 which is connected to the conductor 43 at the point indicated at 50. The conductor 51 connects the terminal 26 with the primary wiindinglll of the induction coil H. The otherterminal of this primary winding is 'connected to the vibrator v in any convenient manner.

The vibrator 'v' is preferably of a similar type to that described for the vibrator lv and is provided Vwith a Suitable contact. The contact 52 is adapted to coperate with the Contact on the'vibrator o. Leading from this contact 52 is a conductor 53 which is connected to vthe conductor 48 between the battery B and the terminal 4? of the loo transmitting portion of the relay A, at 42.

The secondary winding H" has one terminal connected to the conductor' 51` at or adjacent the terminal or connection for the primary winding HP. The other terminal of thissecondary winding is connected to the line conductor 5 by means of the conductor 54 ata point indicated by the numj cured between the cap 57 and the shell 5 6 by means of the Harige 62. 15

To cooperate with the electro-magnets 59' and 60, there 1s provided a suitable permanent magnet (53 which is of the usual type and form asy employed in the ordinary telephone receiver7 which is shown as'being of U-shape in Fig. p y

The electro-magnets 59 and G0 are provided with the usual project-ing cores which are spaced the usual or proper distance from the diaphragm (il. This diaphragm (lis held in engagement with the inner casing (il b v means otl a suitable annular ring o5 t'ormed on the cap 5T. To the diaphragm lll is connected the transmitter of the type shown in Figs. 2. 3 and 4. which is preferably ol the solid back type. The front 'portion ot' the electrode chamber ($6 is connected to the diaphragmll in the' usual or customary manner. One form ot means being by a screw and a plurality ot' nuts 8l).

The back portion ot' the electrode cham` her o7 is secured to the bridge piece G8 in any convenient way, one form being that indicated in Fig. 2, which comprises a bushing (it) to cooperate withr the stem formed on the back portion ot' the electrode cham-- ber (S7. This bushing (3.() is preferably insulated trom the bridge piece (58 by vmeans of mica washers indicated at 7l. The lower end ot thisbushing (Si) is provided with suitable vscrew-thremls and to copcrate with these threads is a nut 72. 'lhus the hushing may be readily secured within the aperture t'ormed in the bridge p'ieee, (3S.y This bushing may be provided with ay suitable boss 7? which provided with a suitable hole through which 'passes a screw 74.. The. screw 7l is adapted to contact with the projecting stem '70 ol" the back portion of the electrode chamber.

The. t'ront und back portions ot the electrode chamber (3(5 and (ST respectively are provided. upon their inner walls. with threads to operate with the ring rl`he electrode chambers have positioned upon their inner i'aces a suitable insulating me' dium which mav be mica. inthe t'orm of a washer. Thus the hack portion of the electrode chamber (S7. when connected to the l'ront portion of the electrode chan'iber, by

means of the ring 79, forms a chamber in which are disposed the electrodes 75 and 76.

These electrodes '75 and 76 arer preferably larbon disks and disposed between them is ka layer of carbon granules 79.y

Figs. 3 and l, where they are indicatedby the numeral 46. `In Fig. ,Vonly one' of the transmitting portions is shown and the numei-al "lo hasl been assigned to the terminal. This terminal communicates directly with the` back electrode 75. The .front electrode TG is connected by means-of the juniper 77 to the terminal l?. The terminal i7v corresponds to the terminal 29 and they are similar in clmracter and form.; yTo secure the bridge piece G8 .to the cap, anysuitable means may' be employed, one of which is indicatedfbythe screws 7S. A

ln practical operatimi,.assuming a signal isl being received that might be caused by the ringing current of a generator disposed at a central station or othery point to the `right ot' the` diagram shown` in Fig. 1, `the inniulses vwould be received!uoonthe line conductors 5 and 6. Therelay R is shown as having been operated so that the armature l1 has been. attracted to the: core 10, h v means of the. winding`9. The lever 12 has been pulled downward.againstI the laction ot' the spring 23 and thelever 13 has been put into contactvwitl/i/lthe stationary contacts l5 and 15.. .'llrefonductor 6, after leaving the relay wlndi'ng, continues on to 'the left until 4it connects with the pivotal emmer-tion for the levers Q1 and 22, which are shown as positioned normally, the lever 22 making Contact with the stationary contact 25. 'lhe armature 2O hasvnot vet been acted upon by the winding 1S ofthe relay l through `the core lf).l The circuit then is continuons from the line conductor 6 to the pivot i7. the lever and the lcontact 25.' The current then flows. through the conductor 3l to the secondary winding Ts of the ytranst'ornier T. thence through the conductor 33 to the relay or repeater A and thence outward on the lme conductor. The lever l-l is now making contact with the stationary cont-act 15 and from this contact 15/ runs the conductor 37 leading to the priv mary winding HP of the induction coil H. 'lhe primary winding is connected tothe vibrator 1 which has contact with the stationarv contact 36 and from this latter con, tact fll the conductor connected to the conductor 23 at the point indicated `by 28'?. 'lhe secondary winding l-l* of this induction. coil ll has one terminal connected Ato they conductor 37 andthe othertermin'al of this windinglr is connected to the conductor 38 which is tapped to the line conductor 7 at the point 39.

.\n additional contact l5 is positioned adjacent the lever 13 but spaced from the contact 15. This contact l5al is connected to the line conductor 6. Tracing out the circuit from the battery B, the current will pass through conductors 28 and 35, contact 36 to the vibrator c, through the primary winding HP, thencethrough the conductor 37 to the lever'l, through the supplementary contact 15 to the line Wire 6, and then through the conductor 27 to the other side of the battery. This will complete the circuit through'the primary of the 'induction coil H. As the circuit is closed, the vibrator a will vibrate and interrupt the circuit which will produce a high tenslon current in the secondary Hathat will impress itself upon the conductor 38connected to the line conductor 7 at the point 39. The signaling current is thus *augmented by the action of the vibrator c a this current is impressed on the line conductors 7 and 8 through which it flows to the next point or relay station. The return through the line conductor 8 passing through the windings 18 of the relay R', will cause the core19 to attract the armature 20 which will lireak the. talking circuit by causing the lever 22 to break the connection it made with the contact 25.

From the relay' winding 1S which is coilnected to the conductor 43, the cii cuit is then completed biel? to thepivot 14 to the lever 13, to thecdntacts and 15a. Both of talking circuits areA now open because of signaling impulses passing through theI 'relays R and R.` Vhen the signalingf` impulses cease, the armatures llranll l2U are pulled away by means of the springs 23' and 2i acting on the levers' -12 and 2 1, respectively. he talkingcircuit is then restablished as the levers. 13 and 22 engage .with the contacts 16 and ,25, at which time the induction coils H and H are cut out. c

Assuming that the line conductors and' are carrying currents caused by sound waves, lsuch as would be made by a person speaking into the well known type of transmitter, these currents would actuate therclay or repeater A. These currents in passing through'the windings of the electromagnets 5S) and 60, disposed in relay A, will cause the diaphragm 64 to vibrate according to the current variations. As the diaphragm 6l vibrates, it causes the electrodes 75 'and T6 to `change their spaced relation which alters the` pressure upon the carbon granules 79. This change of pressure causes a change of resistance in the carbon granules and this alteration of resistance, which corresponds to the vibrations of the diaphragm causes a current to pulsate through the primary winding Tpl of the transformer T. As the current leaves the receiving portion of the repeater or relay A, it passes on and through thc sccondarj,v winding; TS of the transformer 'l' to the contact :25, thence to the lever :22 to the line conductor 6. The action of the transmitterupon the primary winding TP induces a current in the secondary winding TS of the transformer T which circulates through the conductor 41 to the contact 16 and in the other direction through the conductor 42 through the windings on the electro-magnets in the receiving port-ion of the repeater or relay A', thence outward to'the line conductor 7. the first action or any voice actuated impulses arising on the line conductors 5 and 6 will be upon the repeater or relay A which will actuatc the transmitting portion, causing changes in the transformer T to be forwarded to the line conductorsiand 8 in an amplified state.

I claim:

l. In a telephone repeater, the combina, tion of a main line divlded into line sec- :f1 tions, each section comprislng a normally closed talking circuit, a coacting transmitter and receiver connecting adjacent line sections, and automatic means for opening and closing the local circuits when signaling and voice impulses are impressed on the main line.

2. `In a telephonecrepeater, the combination with a main line comprising a plurality of local talking circuits, a combined receiver Thus it will be seen that and transmitter connecting adjacent line sections, a relay interposedin one of the main lines and normally' maintaining the talking circuits closed, said relay operating to iopen the talking circuits when a signaling current is impressed on the mainlines, the'relay serving to direct the local circuit through a -coil when the talking circuits are open, said lcoil having its' secondary winding electrically connected with the main line of an adjacent line section.

3. In a telephone repeater, the combination with a main line comprising a plurality ot' local talking circuits, a combined receiver and transmitter connecting adjacent linevsections, a relay interposed in one of the main lines and normally maintaining the talking circuits closed, said4 relay operating to open the talking circuits yupon a signaling current being directed through the main lines, said relay when the talking circuits are open serving to direct the'local circuit through a coil, said coil having its secondary Winding electrically connected with the main line of an adjacent line section, the primary winding and circuit therefor including a vibrator of low frequency and a source of electric energv.

l. In a telephone repeater, the 'combinaa tion with a main line comprising a plurality of local talking circuits, a combined receiver and transmitter connecting adjacent line sections, a relay interposed inone of the main .lines and normally maintaining the talking circuits closed, said relay operating to open the talking circuits upon a signaling current being directed through the `main lines, and when the talking circuits are open the relay serving to direct the local circuit through a coil, said coil having its secondary Winding in electrical connection with the inain line of an adjacent line section wl1ere` by, when the talking circuit is open, the relay will close the circuit through the secondary winding of the coil to the main line of the adjacent line section to relay the signaling current from one line section to another.

5. In a telephone repeatera the combina tion with a main line divided into line sec-i tions, each section 'comprising a plurality of local talking circuits, a combined receiver and transinitteal connecting adjacent line sections, a relay interposed in one of the Inain lines and normally maintaining the talking circuits closed, and electrical connections coacting with thebattery of the local circuits and the relay when the talking circuit is open for relaying the signaling current from one line section to another.

6. In a telephone repeater, the combination with a main line divided into line sections, 'each section comprising a plurality of local talking circuits, a combined receiver and transmitter connecting adjacent line sections, a relay interposed in one of the main lines and normally maintaining the talking circuits closed, and electrical connections coacting with the battery of the local circuits and the relay when theftalking circuit is open :tor relaying the signaling cur- -lcnt from one line section to another, said last named electrical connections comprising a signaling coil including vibrator.

ln testimony whereof I hereunto affix m3T signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

^ ARGY H. JOHNSON.

Witnesses:

F. S. BROWN, N. R. BROWN. 

